Elijah s



(Nn Model.)

B. S. BLASDEL 8v J..R. MORSE.

HYDROG'ARBON BURNER.

No. 456,583. Patented July 28, 1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.N

ELlJAII BLASDEL AND JOHN R. MORSE, OF LOS` ANGEL 1S, CALIFORNIA; SAIDBLASDEL ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO CHARLES B. GOULD, OF SAMEPLACE.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,583, dated July 28,1891.

Application filed November 7, 1885. Serial No, 182,105. (No model.)

To all whom t 11i/ty concern: rate parts, shown, being' convenience ofBe it known that we, ELIJAH S. BLASDEL, construction. and JOHN R. MORSE,citizens ot the United C is the central air, oil, and steam mixingStates, and residents of Los Angeles city and tube. lt is insertedthrough the tube A and 5 county, in the State of California, have inthefitting B and screwed into the case or vented a new and usefulImprovement in jacket-head D in thefarther end of B. ApartHydrocarbon-Burners,ot which the following of the treadle portion of Cextends through is a specification. the head D to receive the five-wayfitting E,

Our invention relates to the formation of which is screwed thereon. Theshort up- 6o xo combustible gas from hydrocarbons and thewardly-extending supply-pipe F opens into consumption of the same forthe production the upper side of the fitting E to supplyair of heat. tothe inside ot the tube C. l

The main object of our invention is to con- G is a small oil-supply pipeentering the sume the heavier grades of hydrocarbon oils under side ofthe fitting E, and is connected 65 I5 without Waste and toconstructaburner which with the oil-supply reservoir.

will most eiectually do this. H is the forwardlydirected mixing-jet Afurther object of our invention is to so steam-pipe, which is smallerthan the oilsupdistribute the flame that it will not overheat ply pipeG. It enters the fitting E through any one portion of the steamboilerand cause the side thereof close to the bottom of the iit- 7o` 2o it topocket orbulge out; also, to secure alarge ting and is bent toward thetube O. This iow of' air into the burner and to thoroughly pipe isconnected with a steam-boiler and spray the eiland mix it with the steamand supplies the tube C with steam. air before it passes out of theburner to be lisasteam-jacket steamsupply pipe, which consumed; also, toprovide means for propopens into the fitting B, and is also connected 7525 erlydecomposing the oil and steam and formwith the steamboiler tosupply steam to the ing it into gas before it issues from the burner;tube A. also, to provide means for regulating the J is the steam-collar,provided with the amount of heat to be produced; also, to adapt frustumshaped chamber I( and steam-jet the burner for rapid and thoroughcleaning holes L. It is fitted upon the free end of the 8o 3o in case itshould become clogged with residutube C and screws into the tube A,filling the um from the oil. opening between the ends of thetwo tubes ATe attain these objects by means of the and C. The chamber K is cut intotheinside device described herein and illustrated in the of the collar Jand is in the shape of the accompanying drawings, in whichfrustum of acone. having its base toward the 85 35 Figure il is an isometrical viewof our imrear end of the tube A. The sloping walls ot' provedburner.Fig. 2 is a longitudinal verthis chamber extend forward beyond the endtical section of the same. Fig. is a View of ol` the tube O. Small holesL connect the one of our burners in operation, portions of chamber K inthe collar J with the annular the burner being broken away to show theehamberM between the tubesAand C. Upon 9o 4o manner in which the sameoperates. Fig. 4; the front end of the collar is screwed the lats is anend view of the burner-tip with the valve erally flaring burnertip N,the mouth of removed. Fig. 5 is an end view of the steamwhich flaresoutward horizontally from the collar J. Fig. G is a section on line .frfr, Fig. line of the tube A. 'lhe edge o r verge of the l, showing thebent portion of the steam-pipe burner-tip is beveled slightly around theing5 45 l-Iintact. Fig. 7isasect-ional viewot` a modiner side, and aprojecting lip O extends forfieation of the collar J. ward from the topof the burner above the A is the steam-jacket or caseetube screwedbeveled portion. A beveled valve P, made into one end of thesteam-jacket or ease-fitto fit themouthot the burner-tip, isrigidlyseting B. This tube and fitting constitute a cured to arod Q,which extendsbacklhrough roo 5o single incasing tube and may be made inone the tube C to a valve-stem R, mounted at the piece, the only objectin making them in separear of the fitting E. A head S is turned on theend of the valve-rod Q, and it fits into a socket in the end of thevalve-stem R, and is Y secured therein by a collar-plug T, which litsaround the rod Q and screws into the socket in the valve-stem.

The valve-stem Ris provided with suitable seat and packing boxing U V,and handwheel WV.

A cross-bar X, with an opening Y in it, is mounted upon the inside ofthe neck of the burner-tip to support the valve-rod Q.

The operation of the burner is as follows: The tipN is inserted into thefire-box through an opening in the front wall of the fu rn ace, thepipes H and I are connected with the boiler, and the pipe Gis connectedwith the oil reservoir or tank, each of such pipes being provided withsuitable cut-off valves. Aire is built under the boiler, so as to raisea slight headA of steam, ten or fifteen pounds being sufficient. Thevalve P is then opened slightly by turning the wheel XV. Oil .is turnedon through the pipe G and steam through the pipes H and I. The steamwhich passes into the tube A through the pipe I blows out through theholes -L in jets which impinge against the oblique walls of the chamberK, and are deected across the end of the tube C, and the steam thenpasses into the chamber Z in the burner-tip, and from thence out throughthe opening between the valve P and the mouth of the burner-tip N. Theeifect of the defiected steam blowing` across the open end of the pipe Cis to create a vacuum in such pipe and cause the air and oil to flowthrough the pipes F and G into and through the tube C. The steam whichblows into the tube C through the pipe H increases the vacuum and theconsequent flow of air and oil. As the oil flows along the tube in frontof the mouth of the pipe H it is blown by the jet of steam into a vaporand is thoroughly intermingled with the steam and air, and then passesout through the mouth of the tube C, where it is further acted upon bythe deflected steam from the chamber M. Thence it passes into thechamber Z, whence it passes out through the opening between the valve Pand the mouth of the burner, where it ignites. The dame soon heats theburner-tip sufficiently to decompose the vapor as it comes into contactwith the walls of the chamber Z under the pressure of the steam and itsown expansion. This prepares the fuel for complete combustion, whichwill not occur unless the vapor is decomposed and gas formed, and thisis most effectually accomplished in making gas from oil by bringing thevapor of the oil into Acontact under pressure with a red-hot surface.This is accomplished by means of the chamber Z in the burner-tip. Theopening between the beveled edge of the valve P and the mouth of theburner, being at an angle with the line of the burner-tubes, causes theflame to spread out sidewise and downward, while the lip O at the top ofthe mouth of the tip prevents the iame from being projected upwardagainst the boiler. The lower side-of the mouth of the burner-tip isslightly curved, so as to cause the lower portion ot' the flame toconform to the shape of the boiler,while the upperlip of the tip isstraight. The heat of the steam around the inner tube Cassists invaporizing the oil, in conjunction with the blast from the pipe H, andprepares it for decomposition when it reaches the chamber Z.

By means of this device the heaviest grades of petroleum oils can beburned, as the jet of steam from the pipe H will cause a free iow ofoil, which otherwise would not pass through the pipe withoutconsiderable pressure, and as the oil, when it flows into the tube C, is

rimmediately sprayed and mingled with steam and air, being at the sametime subjected to considerable heat and is afterward acted.-

upon by another blast of steam which is directed across the line of theblast of vaporized cil, thus thoroughly mingling therewith, the air,steam, and vaporized oil are perfectly mingled and are in good conditionfor being decomposed when brought into contact under pressure with theheated walls of the chamber Z, and the `gas, as it issues from the mouthof the tip,immediately ignites, and an intense iiame is produced,complete combustion taking place. Should any of the residnum whichoccurs in crude oils/cause a clogging of the valve, the valve may bethrown wide open, the oil turned off, and the steamjets turned on totheir full capacity. This will blow out all residuum and cleanse theburner.

The ame may be readily and accurately regulated by opening or closingthe valveP and regulating the flow of oil and steam.

The collar J may be made as showirin Fig. 7 dispensing with the chamberK and giving an oblique direction to the vents L, the chamber beingemployed simply because it is a convenient form of construction, whichwill give the oblique direction required to throw the jets across infront of the vaporizing and mingling tube C.

Ve are aware that hydrocarbon-burners have heretofore been constructedwith an airlandoil-supply tube surrounded by a steampipe extendingslightly beyond the end' of such tube and surrounded in turn by anotherpipe for steam or gas, or both, whereby IIO the steam from thesteam-pipe immediately surrounding the oil-tube acts upon the oilimmediately before it is blown out from thek end of such pipe, andwhereby the oil, air, and steam are thenvacted upon by an addi-r tionaljet of steambefore issuing from the burner, asr shown in the patent toParsons, dated June 5, 1877, No. 191,546, and we lay no claim to suchconstruction.

le are also vaware that a blast of air has heretofore been passedthrough a tube for the purpose of driving coaltar into the furnace, asshown in patent to Brooke and Vrght, No.167,873, dated September 21,1875; also,

that hydrocarbon-burners which mingle oil, air, and steam haveheretofore been provide d With a decoinposing-chamber, Where the vaporand oil come into contact under pressure with a red-hot surface, and wedo not claim the saine as new; but We are not aware that any burner hasever heretofore been constructed in such a manner as to vaporize the oiland thoroughly mingle it With air and steam, as is the case in theextended tube C,

` and then subject the vapor thus formed and mingled to an additionaljet of steam as it enters into the decomposing-chamber.

Now, having described our invention, what We claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A hydrocarbonburner consisting of a vaporizing and commingling tubeclosed at one end and provided with ingress-pipes near the closed end ofthe tube for air, oil, and steam, such steam-pipe opening at the bottomof the mingling-tube toward the open end thereof, an incasing tubeencircling such vaporizng and mingling tube, leaving a chamber betweenthe two and provided with an ingress-pipe for steam, such tubes beingprovided With openings at the front ends thereof for the egress of thesteam and vapor and connected with a decomposing-chamber and burner-tipcommon to and combined with such tubes, all being in combination, as setforth.

2. The combination set forth of the steamjacket tube, the steam-jacketfitting secured thereon and provided with the centrally-perforated head,the central air, oil, and steam mixing tube, the steam-collar providedwith the frustuln-shaped chamber and the jetholes, the laterally-flaringburner-ti p, the beveled valve fitted in the flaring ii'iouth of thetip, the valve-rod secured to the valve and extending through the mixingtube and screwing through the rear of the burner, the five-way itting,the air-supply pipe, the oilsupply pipe, the forwardly-directedmixingjet steam-pipe, and the steam-jacket supplypipe.,

vaporizing and mingling tube, air-pipe F, oilpipe G, and steam-pipe H,discharging into the said mingling-tube, the jet-tube surrounding themingling-tube and having means for admitting steam thereto, thesteam-vents K and the burner-tip N, and the valve P within theburner-tip, substantiallyas described.

4. In an oil-burner substantially such as described, in combination witha vaporizing apparatus, the burner-tip beveled at its mouth around thesides and bottom and provided with a movable valve iitted therein,substan tially as set forth, the top of such tip above the valve beingstraight and parallel with the line ot' the burner, and the under sidecurved, substantially as set forth, whereby the flame is caused toconform to the shape of the boiler.

5. In an oil-burner substantially such as described, and in combinationwith the vaporizing mechanism, the burner-tip N and movable valve P, thetip provided with the lip O and chamber Z and beveled around the inneredge of its inout-h and curved at the bottom, substantially as setforth.

E. S. BLASDEL. JOHN R. MORSE. Witnesses:

JAS. R. TOWNSEND, A. L. DU PUY.

i In an oil-burner, thecombination of the

